contemporary media is the different media from traditional media. The traditional media includes the newspaper, broadcasting and television. The contemporary media depends on the technology developing, it includes the network and mobile telephone media. Both of new mediums have two main functions which are information and entertainment. The network creates the popular and new form of entertainment, it also change the people's habit of entertainment.
IPTV
Internet Protocol television (IPTV) is a system through which digital television service is delivered using the architecture and networking methods of the Internet Protocol Suite over a packet-switched network infrastructure. In the traditional media, television is belong to one-way. Audiences only accept the programs which television stations play. There is no choose and interaction. Following the IPTV (Internet Protocol television) appear, the traditional way changed a lot, audiences become the real master and the entertainment of television become one thing which follow people's inclinations.
The main feature of the Internet Protocol television has been pointed in this essay. Interaction, as the main feature of the Internet Protocol television is called video-on-demand. Every audiences do not just accept information which is arranged by television station, they can choose the programs which they want to watch. It is obvious that the Internet Protocol television topples over the traditional position, audience and television medium can accept and convey information each other. In recent years, the program of IPTV mainly includes music and films. Compare to traditional television programs, the every audience in IPTV is user and producer. They can choose some programs which they like to process second time. For example, they can cut some scenes in films and edit caption for some films. They also can make some interactive question or game in the films. So IPTV makes the traditional television from popular and big group to small group. Every people become teletrician and television infector.
Blog
A blog is a type of website, usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary, descriptions of events, or other material such as graphics or video. Many blogs provide commentary or news on a particular subject which owner writes. In other way, the blog has the function as more personal online diaries. A typical blog includes text, images, and links to other blogs, Web pages, and other media related to its topic. The ability for readers to leave comments in an interactive format is an important part of many blogs. Most blogs are primarily textual, although some focus on art, photographs, videos, music, and audio.
Blog is one the developing fast thing in the network as a contemporary media. The blog makes every people get own internet space very easy. They can record some thing which they consider worthy experience. The blog shows the owner's character, it means that the blog is a self-expression.
Blog: advantage
Compare to traditional media, the blog has three advantages.
Timeliness
Compare to traditional media, the information in blog releases and renew realy fast. Blog can deal with new information really quickly. Specially, when the mobile blog succeed to use, people can scan blog and renew news at all times and places. So it obvious that the timeliness exerts maximum. Compare to traditional media, like newspaper, newspaper renew so slowly, almost one day at lease. Though the television and broadcasting can live broadcast, they can not deal with some emergency so quickly. They need discontinue other program and make some preparation for relay broadcasting. In this way, it obvious slower than blog.
Sharing
Blog can write back information and comment on some topic directly. Of course, both of blog owner and reader can do this at same time. This kind of function as a solid support for people communicate to each other. Compare to traditional media, like newspaper or phone-in, they exist control problem from intermediate link. So blog is more direct and extensive than those traditional media. Simultaneously, blog has a function of interlinkage which can help people to find some interrelated information and make abundant resource sharing.
Friendliness
All the time, most of the traditional medium are controlled by government, partisan and enterprise. It is impossible that there are no orientation in those programs. Blog is total individuation and it has the milk of human kindness and vitality. So this is why blog is more friendly than traditional medium.
Blog: shortcoming
Everything in the world has shortcoming. The shortcoming of blog shows authenticity and public credibility. The most of the blog owners are not professional person. So they lock professional training and professional ethics. So they can not investigate and confirm some information. Someone even make some pseudo event and make him (or her) well-know.
To sum up, the developing of contemporary media make the boundary blurry and break the structure of traditional media. Both of the contemporary media and traditional media are existent in society. In my opinion, they should strengthen respective advantages and improve shortcomings. To put it simply, two media have complementary advantages and draw the strong points of others to offset one's own weakness. In this way, they can develop much better and more fast.
Reference
Brian Dutton, The media, London, 1986
David Kline and Dan Burstein, Blog! : how the newest media revolution is changing politics, business, and culture, New York, 2005
Aaron Barlow, Blogging America: the new public sphere, Praeger, 2008
Jane Stokes, How to do media & cultural studies, London, 2003
AJ Flanagin, MJ Metzger - Human Communication Research, 2001
B Bimber, AJ Flanagin, C Stohl - Communication Theory, 2005
HA Shugart - Critical Studies in MediaCommunication, 2003
RK Mott, JD Ford - Technical Communication, 2007
TJ Johnson, BK Kaye - Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 2004
Barb Palser, "journalistic Blogging," American journalism Review
24 (July/August 2002): 58; Catherine Seipp, "Online Uprising," American
journalism Rcviczi' 24 (June 2002): 42-47.
2009年10月22日星期四
2009年10月12日星期一
film developing history: colour
Like sound, some early silent films have accompaniment, some early films also have colour. Some directors abandon the natural style and colour cinefilm to show sentiment. When the sound is used to reinforce and supply scenes, the way which colour the cinefilm is over, the main reason is that to colour cinefilm can not ensure the quality of sound record. The early colour film appears in the 1930s, but sounds like sound technology, the great economic depression makes the finance unsteadiness. Until the end of 1950s, colour is used abroad and can be defined a enormous and attractive factor in the film. Of course, it can not be ignore the fact that Eastman Kodak invented Eastman colour film in the 1950s. In my opinion, sound should be used like sound to intensify the film's inner beauty and show the emotion. The Wonderful Wizard of Oz is a classical example in 1939.in this film, the black and white background of Kansas is changed vivid and colourful.
film developing history: sound
Sound introduces into film for the first time in the 1927. It provides a representative case for technology to develop Hollywood film history. It can be defined that sound is a very important discovery for film aesthetics and influence deeply in film culture.
In the film history, if silent film is in existence, silent cinema is never existed. The main reason is that cinema always have sound. For example, diorama and lantern slide as the forerunners in film amusement in 18 and 19 century, both of them are multimedia. But it is obvious that sound is just used to reinforce and supply scenes. The silent film is just one part of all performs in the cinema. Video is transcribed previously, and the sound of accompaniment is performed in the interval. Sometimes, the playactors from humanophone company elocnte the dialogue following the scenes. So this form of synchronism is the primal dub, following the technology developing, this form of synchronism is changed, mechanization equipment which can make the sound on a film synchronize with the action instead of people. In fact, before the music synthesizer used extensive, sound technology has already invented. So finance is the first factor which is considered in 1927, technology is not main complication.
In the film history, if silent film is in existence, silent cinema is never existed. The main reason is that cinema always have sound. For example, diorama and lantern slide as the forerunners in film amusement in 18 and 19 century, both of them are multimedia. But it is obvious that sound is just used to reinforce and supply scenes. The silent film is just one part of all performs in the cinema. Video is transcribed previously, and the sound of accompaniment is performed in the interval. Sometimes, the playactors from humanophone company elocnte the dialogue following the scenes. So this form of synchronism is the primal dub, following the technology developing, this form of synchronism is changed, mechanization equipment which can make the sound on a film synchronize with the action instead of people. In fact, before the music synthesizer used extensive, sound technology has already invented. So finance is the first factor which is considered in 1927, technology is not main complication.
technology influences film developing: Widescreen
Widescreen is a good example to show how the technology influences film developing. In the early 1950s, the size of screen changed enormous. The main reason is not film producers want to try their best to make film more realistic and more attracting, the real reason is that the amount of film audiences fall sharply, because lots of people move to suburb and they have to abandon the habit which go to watch film once or two per week. So film producers decided to change the size of screen to make watch film become a specialization and advance the amount of audiences. So widescreen has a important mission to deal with the economic crisis in film industry.
In the early widescreen, cinerama used three bioscopes to make screens widely. Audiences can find the two broken lines easily. The most of films belong landscastpe card and topical films.feature film is few. Producers think the early widescreen is not good for story-telling.
To analyse the wildscreen, cinerama (1;2.6) is proved too expensive which depend on the film screen standard. 3-D system is cheaper, but it has lots of technology problems. The simply widescreen (1:2.35) system can be accepted by producers and audience, because it passes muster in three factors: scale, novelty and realism. Panavision (1:2.25) is the most suitable system and used broad in the cinema.
In the early widescreen, cinerama used three bioscopes to make screens widely. Audiences can find the two broken lines easily. The most of films belong landscastpe card and topical films.feature film is few. Producers think the early widescreen is not good for story-telling.
To analyse the wildscreen, cinerama (1;2.6) is proved too expensive which depend on the film screen standard. 3-D system is cheaper, but it has lots of technology problems. The simply widescreen (1:2.35) system can be accepted by producers and audience, because it passes muster in three factors: scale, novelty and realism. Panavision (1:2.25) is the most suitable system and used broad in the cinema.
Screen aesthetics, what is that?
Screen aesthetics, what is that? Theoretically speaking in contemporary current, aesthetics is already misapprehend by film aesthetics. Such as violence aesthetics, sex aesthetics and medium aesthetics. It seems everything can use "aesthetics", and everything is aesthetics. So it must be considered and understood firstly what screen aesthetics is ? In my opinion, though there are lots of articles which relate screen aesthetics, in fact, screen aesthetics can not make clear. To analyse those articles (include some articles in our course), lots of them expatiate technique and experience, include feature, cut and camera lens. So they do not analyse screen aesthetics, they make clear the film's characters, the basic film theories and elements. In my opinion, motility and image figure are the biggest features in film. So screen aesthetics can be defined "movement". In the film of The Best Years of our lives, Dana Andrews has a screen to show my theory - aircraft graveyard. He goes back to aircraft graveyard to see the planes which used in the war. In this scene, his movement-scrub away sweat by frightful remember proves abundantly that lots of people who suffer the wrong war are anguished and live floundering.
WEEK 9
In this week, Jason Nelson talked about Cyberutopia. I got some information from my classmates and I found I miss a great lecture. Jason Nelson make a good lecture and talk some crazy ideas in this lecture. I am without luck and miss it. Because Jason Nelson did not follow a regular lecture format. I am really puzzled ........
week8
In This week, the lecture main talk about the distinguishing between cyberpolitics and eDemocracy
Cyberpolitics, the politics of the internet that exists predominantly on the internet. Cyberpolitics stretches from the powerplays around the actual structure and functions of the internet that are decided by the Internet Society and ICANN through to the political activities that occur on forums, between bloggers and even in games.
E-Democracy, the internet's intervention in and contribution to real world politics that exists predominantly off the internet. eDemocracy covers everything from political campaigning on the internet and the government's use of the internet to raise awareness and debate on issues to the people's use of new technologies to criticise governments and reveal their mistakes.
I must to say I do not understand both of them clearly. Accounting to some references, I found that theISOC (Internet Society) founded in 1992, is dedicated to providing leadership in Internet related standards, policy, and education. ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) is another non-profit organisation, started in 1998.
Cyberpolitics, the politics of the internet that exists predominantly on the internet. Cyberpolitics stretches from the powerplays around the actual structure and functions of the internet that are decided by the Internet Society and ICANN through to the political activities that occur on forums, between bloggers and even in games.
E-Democracy, the internet's intervention in and contribution to real world politics that exists predominantly off the internet. eDemocracy covers everything from political campaigning on the internet and the government's use of the internet to raise awareness and debate on issues to the people's use of new technologies to criticise governments and reveal their mistakes.
I must to say I do not understand both of them clearly. Accounting to some references, I found that theISOC (Internet Society) founded in 1992, is dedicated to providing leadership in Internet related standards, policy, and education. ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) is another non-profit organisation, started in 1998.
week7
In this week, the lecture shows the differences between propriety software, free software and creative commons.
Proprietary software is a frequently used term in the computer field. It refers to software that is owned by an individual or a company and is protected from unauthorized use by patents, trademarks and copyrights.
Free software is a matter of the users' freedom to run, copy, distribute, study, change and improve the software. This is to say, the freedom to run the program, for any purpose .The freedom to study how the program works, and change it to make it do what you wish.The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor and the freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements to the public, so that the whole community benefits. Free software does not mean non-commercial. A free program must be available for commercial use, commercial development, and commercial distribution.
Creative Commons is a non-profit organization. It devoted to expanding the range of creative works available for others to build upon legally and to share. Renata Avila analyses that " Creative Commons gives voice to creativity, and allows us to share symbolic space within society, charting alternative routes to inclusion across the continents, in all languages."
Proprietary software is a frequently used term in the computer field. It refers to software that is owned by an individual or a company and is protected from unauthorized use by patents, trademarks and copyrights.
Free software is a matter of the users' freedom to run, copy, distribute, study, change and improve the software. This is to say, the freedom to run the program, for any purpose .The freedom to study how the program works, and change it to make it do what you wish.The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor and the freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements to the public, so that the whole community benefits. Free software does not mean non-commercial. A free program must be available for commercial use, commercial development, and commercial distribution.
Creative Commons is a non-profit organization. It devoted to expanding the range of creative works available for others to build upon legally and to share. Renata Avila analyses that " Creative Commons gives voice to creativity, and allows us to share symbolic space within society, charting alternative routes to inclusion across the continents, in all languages."
Week 6
The topic is consumption and production. It analysis the two screens in our life. One is "big" screens. It includes cinema which shared with other members of the public, TV which shared privately within our homes and PC which is for personal and shared use. The other one is "small" screens of life. It includes personal media players(ipods) and mobile phones.
It obvious that consumption is becoming increasingly personal especially with mobile devices. For example, television, internet, MP3 players and mobile phones. In the latest technology, I think mobile phone belongs a big market, because people can use mobile phones on online everywhere. On other way, mobile phones are convenient, this is key point.
In my opinion, customers belong to important producers and consumers. They purchase commodities and attempt to innovate.
It obvious that consumption is becoming increasingly personal especially with mobile devices. For example, television, internet, MP3 players and mobile phones. In the latest technology, I think mobile phone belongs a big market, because people can use mobile phones on online everywhere. On other way, mobile phones are convenient, this is key point.
In my opinion, customers belong to important producers and consumers. They purchase commodities and attempt to innovate.
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